Study on Fiber Quality and Quantitative Traits in Advance Cotton Genotypes
Keywords:
Cotton, genetic variability, genotypes, seed cotton yield, fibre quality, heritability, plant breeding, upland cottonAbstract
The present investigation was undertaken to study the genetic variability and performance of advanced cotton for yield and fiber quality traits under field conditions. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of Kaleri Seed Corporation in eleven cotton genotypes with a check variety NIA-Ufaq. Data were recorded for plant height, sympodial branches plant⁻¹, number of bolls plant⁻¹, boll weight, staple length, seed index, lint weight, ginning out-turn percentage (GOT%), seed cotton yield plant⁻¹, seed cotton yield kg ha⁻¹, and micronaire. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences (P<0.01) among genotypes for plant height, sympodial branches, number of bolls, staple length, lint weight, GOT%, and seed cotton yield per plant (52.45), while PC-2150 (SAHARA-500) produced the maximum sympodial branches (23.89 per plant) and seed cotton yield (kg ha⁻¹), whereas seed index was significant at P<0.05. Boll weight and micronaire showed non-significant differences. PC-2160 (FH-498) had a desirable short height of 105.56 cm and a better seed index, lint weight, boll weight, and micronaire than other plants. PC-2155 (CIM-600) recorded the highest seed cotton yield (155.34 g plant⁻¹; 2859.4 kg ha⁻¹) and number of bolls per plant (52.45), while PC-2150 (SAHARA-500) produced the maximum sympodial branches (23.89 per plant (52.45), while PC-2150 (SAHARA-500) produced the maximum sympodial branches (23.89 plant⁻¹). PC-2163 (FH-416) demonstrated superior staple length (28.74 mm) and GOT% (43.50%). The identified genotypes possessing complementary desirable traits may serve as valuable genetic resources for future cotton breeding and improvement programs. These findings highlight the importance of genetic diversity in cotton breeding, as combining traits from different genotypes can lead to enhanced performance and adaptability. Future research should focus on the molecular mechanisms behind these traits to further refine breeding strategies.
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